Hi Joel,
Thanks for reaching out to us. The feature you have mentioned is not a WooCommerce default feature.
You can try to use this plugin to get a quantity field on the shop/archive page- https://wordpress.org/plugins/add-quantity-field-on-shop-page-for-woocommerce/
Thank You
When adding variations to archive page, add quantity disappears
Joel Mellin
When we choose to show variations on our main shopping page, the quantity field is not visible, making it not possible to add more than one item.